Finger Lakes (NY) Quiz
Glacial carving, lake chain, regional hydrology (10 questions).
Finger Lakes (NY) Quiz: Quick Study Notes
The Finger Lakes region of upstate New York is a striking example of glacial geology, featuring eleven long, narrow, and deep lakes. Formed by the powerful forces of continental glaciers, these lakes are central to the region’s unique geography, ecology, and economy, influencing everything from local climate to hydrology and agriculture.
Key Geographical Features
Key Takeaways
- The Finger Lakes were formed by continental glaciers scouring ancient river valleys.
- Their distinctive long, narrow, and deep shape is a result of glacial trough formation.
- There are eleven major Finger Lakes, with Seneca and Cayuga being the largest.
- The lakes generally run in a north-south direction.
- Hanging valleys and numerous waterfalls are common features due to glacial carving.
- Most of the lakes drain northward towards Lake Ontario.
- The deep lakes moderate local climate, benefiting viticulture.
Frequently Asked Questions
How were the Finger Lakes formed?
The Finger Lakes were formed by continental glaciers during the last Ice Age. These massive ice sheets scoured and deepened pre-existing north-south river valleys, creating the characteristic long, narrow, and deep lake basins we see today.
What is the significance of the Finger Lakes’ orientation?
The predominantly north-south orientation of the lakes reflects the direction of the pre-glacial river valleys that the glaciers followed and deepened. This alignment also influences regional weather patterns and the local microclimate.
Which are the two largest Finger Lakes?
Seneca Lake is the deepest and second-longest of the Finger Lakes, while Cayuga Lake is the longest and second-deepest. Both are significant for their size and depth.
How does the hydrology of the Finger Lakes region work?
Most of the Finger Lakes drain northward, eventually flowing into the Seneca River, Oswego River, and ultimately into Lake Ontario. Some, like the minor eastern lakes, drain into the Susquehanna River watershed to the south.
Why are there so many waterfalls in the Finger Lakes region?
The region’s numerous waterfalls, such as those in Watkins Glen and Taughannock Falls State Parks, are primarily due to the formation of “hanging valleys.” Tributary valleys, carved less deeply by smaller glaciers or not at all, were left suspended above the main glacial troughs, creating steep drops where streams now flow into the larger valleys.
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