USA Winter Storm Hazards Quiz
Blizzards, ice storms, cold snaps (10 questions).
USA Winter Storm Hazards Quiz: Quick Study Notes
The United States experiences a wide array of winter weather phenomena, from heavy snowfall and strong winds to widespread freezing rain and dangerously low temperatures. Understanding these hazards—blizzards, ice storms, and cold snaps—is crucial for safety and preparedness. This section provides a brief overview of these key winter weather events and essential safety tips.
Key Winter Hazards
Defined by sustained winds of 35 mph or more, heavy snowfall, and visibility reduced to 1/4 mile or less for at least three hours. Dangers include extreme low visibility, deep snowdrifts, and hypothermia.
Occur when freezing rain falls and freezes upon contact with surfaces, accumulating 0.25 inches or more. This creates a glaze of ice that can cause widespread power outages, dangerous driving conditions, and damage to trees.
A rapid and significant drop in temperature to well below average, often due to the influx of an arctic air mass. Risks include hypothermia, frostbite, frozen pipes, and increased energy demand.
Key elements include having an emergency kit, insulating homes, understanding local weather alerts, and developing a family communication plan. Avoid unnecessary travel during hazardous conditions.
Key Takeaways
- Blizzards combine heavy snow, strong winds, and low visibility.
- Ice storms are characterized by freezing rain accumulating into a dangerous glaze.
- Cold snaps bring dangerously low temperatures from polar air masses.
- All three hazards pose risks of hypothermia, frostbite, and travel disruption.
- Power outages are common during ice storms and severe blizzards.
- Stay informed through official weather sources like NOAA.
- Prepare an emergency kit with food, water, blankets, and a battery-powered radio.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main difference between a blizzard and a heavy snowfall?
A blizzard requires specific conditions beyond just heavy snow: sustained winds of at least 35 mph and visibility reduced to 1/4 mile or less, for a minimum of three hours. Heavy snowfall might not involve these severe wind and visibility criteria.
How does freezing rain differ from sleet?
Freezing rain falls as liquid water but freezes on contact with sub-freezing surfaces, creating a layer of ice. Sleet (ice pellets) falls as frozen raindrops or partially melted snowflakes that refreeze into tiny ice balls before reaching the ground.
What should I do if my power goes out during an ice storm?
Stay warm by dressing in layers and using blankets. Avoid opening your refrigerator or freezer frequently. Use flashlights instead of candles. Unplug sensitive electronics. If your home gets too cold, consider moving to a designated public warming center.
What is hypothermia and how can it be prevented during a cold snap?
Hypothermia is a dangerous drop in body temperature (below 95°F or 35°C). It can be prevented by wearing warm, layered clothing, staying dry, limiting time outdoors, and consuming warm, non-alcoholic beverages.
Why are winter storms in the USA often so impactful?
The USA’s vast geography allows for significant interactions between cold arctic air masses, moisture from the Pacific and Gulf of Mexico, and jet stream dynamics, creating conditions ripe for intense winter weather across diverse regions.
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