Tornado Alley & Severe Storms Quiz
Thunderstorms, supercells, tornado distribution (10 questions).
Tornado Alley & Severe Storms Quiz: Quick Study Notes
Severe weather patterns in North America are unique due to geography. This section covers the mechanics of supercells, the geography of high-risk zones like Tornado Alley, and essential safety protocols for storm season.
Rotating thunderstorms characterized by a deep, persistent updraft called a mesocyclone.
The central U.S. region (including OK, KS, TX) where cold dry air meets warm moist air.
The change in wind speed and/or direction with height; critical for rotation.
The Enhanced Fujita scale rates tornadoes from EF0 to EF5 based on estimated wind speeds and damage.
Key Takeaways
- Tornadoes primarily form from powerful supercell thunderstorms in unstable environments.
- “Tornado Alley” is centered in the Great Plains, but “Dixie Alley” in the Southeast also sees violent storms.
- Instability is often caused by warm, moist Gulf air colliding with cold, dry Canadian air.
- Peak tornado season in the Plains occurs in late spring (May-June).
- A “Warning” means immediate danger exists; shelter in a basement or interior room immediately.
Frequently Asked Questions
What defines Tornado Alley?
It is a loosely defined area in the central United States, typically spanning northern Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska, where tornadoes are most frequent.
When is tornado season?
It varies by region. In the Southern Plains, it peaks in May and June. In the Southeast (Dixie Alley), dangerous storms can occur in early spring and late autumn.
What is a wall cloud?
A wall cloud is a localized lowering from the rain-free base of a supercell thunderstorm, often indicating a strong updraft where a tornado may form.
How are tornadoes rated?
They are rated using the Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale, which ranges from EF0 (weakest) to EF5 (strongest) based on damage surveys.
What is a Hook Echo?
A hook echo is a distinctive radar signature shaped like a hook, indicating rotation within a storm and possible tornado presence.
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